What landmark legislation was passed in 1972 to protect education rights?

The correct answer is Title IX of the Education Amendments, which was enacted in 1972. Title IX was landmark legislation that aimed to eliminate sex-based discrimination in educational institutions that receive federal funding. This law significantly increased opportunities for women and girls in sports and academics, promoting gender equality in education.

Title IX ensured that no person would be denied participation in or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity on the basis of sex. This legislation transformed the landscape of education by mandating equal treatment of all genders, leading to greater representation of women in higher education and athletics.

Other legislative options presented address different aspects of civil rights or educational reform but do not specifically target the elimination of gender discrimination in education. The No Child Left Behind Act focuses on improving educational standards and accountability in K-12 education, while the Equal Rights Amendment, although significant to women's rights, pertained more broadly to equality under the law rather than specifically to educational rights. The Civil Rights Act covers various forms of discrimination, primarily race and color, but again does not singularly address educational discriminations based solely on gender. Title IX stands out as the specific legislation that directly addresses education rights concerning gender equality.